windows vagrant ubuntu bionic(18.04) cloud images 笔记

发表于 | 分类于 |
windows vagrant ubuntu bionic(18.04) cloud images 笔记

导入下载的ubuntu bionic vagrant box

通过命令窗口，到达存放bionic box的路径下

1
vagrant box add bionic bionic-server-cloudimg-amd64-vagrant.box

在命令行，去到vagrant的工作目录

1
2
# 使用新增名为 bionic的box
vagrant init bionic

启动

1
vagrant up

通过Xshell 连接ssh时，需要使用密钥进行登录(密钥文件在 当前vagrant 目录的.vagrant/machines/default/virtualbox)

uploads/200531/20200531144332.png

使用 xshell 登录

uploads/200531/20200531145128.png

确定保存之后，打开，输入用户名为vagrant

uploads/200531/20200531145241.png

uploads/200531/20200531145409.png

ps: 上图中的，可以是 浏览 -> 用户密钥, 导入的密钥，选择 该虚拟机工作目录下的 private_key导入，这样以后就不用老是选择了。

通过以上的步骤，应该能通过xshell 成功连接 vagrant 基于ubuntu bionic的虚拟机的ssh了。

修改Ubuntu Bionic源

备份source

sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak

参考:

修改sources.list

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
# 默认注释了源码镜像以提高 apt update 速度，如有需要可自行取消注释
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse

# 预发布软件源，不建议启用
# deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

安装Apache,PHP,Mysql软件

安装

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install zip unzip

sudo apt-get install apache2

sudo apt-get install mysql-server mysql-client mysql-utilities


sudo apt-get install php
sudo apt-get install php-xml php-xmlreader php-xmlrpc php-xmlwriter 
sudo apt-get install php-bcmath php-curl php-mbstring php-mysqli
sudo apt-get install php-pdo-sqlite  php-pgsql php-soap
sudo apt-get install php-gd php-dev php-crypto

# 或安装PHP一条命令过
sudo apt-get install php php-gd php-xml php-xmlreader php-xmlrpc php-xmlwriter  php-bcmath php-curl php-mbstring php-mysqli php-pdo-sqlite php-pgsql php-soap php-dev

apache的设定

1
2
3
4
5
6
# 启动apache重写模块
sudo a2enmod rewrite
# 重启apache服务
sudo systemctl restart apache2
# 编辑apache 默认的vhost文件
sudo vim /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default.conf

在apache的配置文件中添加

1
2
3
<Directory "/var/www/html">
    AllowOverride All
</Directory>

加入以上内容，是让/var/www/html目录下的项目允许重写

重启 apache 服务

1
sudo systemctl restart apache2

给/var/www/html 添加 777 权限

1
2
sudo chmod 777 /var/www/html
sudo chmod 777 /var/www/html/* -R

mysql 设定

在安装mysql 软件服务过程中，没有输入密码的交互界面，所以不清楚 root 用户的密码，需要手动进行设置一次 mysql root 用户的密码

1
sudo systemctl start mysql # 启动mysql 服务
  1. 查看debian-sys-maint 用户的密码
1
sudo vim /etc/mysql/debian.cnf

可以看到类型如下格式的内容:

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
# Automatically generated for Debian scripts. DO NOT TOUCH!
[client]
host     = localhost
user     = debian-sys-maint
password = gvCPbzra1qI6m49X
socket   = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
[mysql_upgrade]
....

上面[clinet]中的user和password是可以登入到mysql的用户名和密码.

  1. 通过mysql 命令进入 mysql cli 交互界面
1
2
#FROM Ubuntu
mysql -u debian-sys-maint -p
1
2
3
4
5
6
#From mysql cli
mysql> use mysql;
mysql> select user,plugin,host from user; #查看用户表的用户信息
mysql> update user set authentication_string=password('新密码'),plugin="mysql_native_password" where user='root' and host="localhost"; #修改root用户的密码
mysql> flush privileges; #刷新权限
mysql> quit; #退出mysql cli交互界面

尝试使用修改过密码后的root用户登录,验证密码是否修改成功

1
mysql -u root -p

设置apache,mysql 开机启动

1
2
3
sudo systemctl enable apache2 # 设置apache开启启动
# sudo systemctl disable apache2 #是设置取消apache开机启动
sudo systemctl enable mysql

PHP Composer

安装composer

1
2
3
php -r "copy('https://install.phpcomposer.com/installer', 'composer-setup.php');"
php composer-setup.php
php -r "unlink('composer-setup.php');"

全局安装

1
sudo mv composer.phar /usr/local/bin/composer

设置 composer 中国源

1
2
3
4
# https://pkg.phpcomposer.com/
composer config -g repo.packagist composer https://packagist.phpcomposer.com
# 或者https://developer.aliyun.com/composer
composer config -g repo.packagist composer https://mirrors.aliyun.com/composer/

取消composer配置

1
composer config -g --unset repos.packagist

修改Mysql 5.7 root的密码

sudo vim /etc/mysql/debian.cnf,可以看到mysql默认的用户debian-sys-maint用户和密码

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
# Automatically generated for Debian scripts. DO NOT TOUCH!
[client]
host     = localhost
user     = debian-sys-maint
password = cRHEWj8bm6QvaS1d
socket   = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
[mysql_upgrade]
host     = localhost
user     = debian-sys-maint
password = cRHEWj8bm6QvaS1d
socket   = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
1
2
#From Ubuntu
mysql -u debian-sys-maint -p #登录mysql
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
#from mysql-cli
show databases;
use mysql;
update user set authentication_string=PASSWORD("自定义密码") where user='root';
update user set plugin="mysql_native_password";
flush privileges;
quit;
1
2
#From Ubuntu
/etc/init.d/mysql restart

我的 Vagrantfile 配置

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
# -*- mode: ruby -*-
# vi: set ft=ruby :

# All Vagrant configuration is done below. The "2" in Vagrant.configure
# configures the configuration version (we support older styles for
# backwards compatibility). Please don't change it unless you know what
# you're doing.
Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
  # The most common configuration options are documented and commented below.
  # For a complete reference, please see the online documentation at
  # https://docs.vagrantup.com.

  # Every Vagrant development environment requires a box. You can search for
  # boxes at https://vagrantcloud.com/search.
  config.vm.box = "bionic"

  # Disable automatic box update checking. If you disable this, then
  # boxes will only be checked for updates when the user runs
  # `vagrant box outdated`. This is not recommended.
  # config.vm.box_check_update = false

  # Create a forwarded port mapping which allows access to a specific port
  # within the machine from a port on the host machine. In the example below,
  # accessing "localhost:8080" will access port 80 on the guest machine.
  # NOTE: This will enable public access to the opened port
  # config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 80, host: 8080

  # Create a forwarded port mapping which allows access to a specific port
  # within the machine from a port on the host machine and only allow access
  # via 127.0.0.1 to disable public access
  # config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 80, host: 8080, host_ip: "127.0.0.1"

  # Create a private network, which allows host-only access to the machine
  # using a specific IP.
  # config.vm.network "private_network", ip: "192.168.33.10"
  config.vm.network "private_network", ip: "192.168.33.11"
  # Create a public network, which generally matched to bridged network.
  # Bridged networks make the machine appear as another physical device on
  # your network.
  # config.vm.network "public_network"

  # Share an additional folder to the guest VM. The first argument is
  # the path on the host to the actual folder. The second argument is
  # the path on the guest to mount the folder. And the optional third
  # argument is a set of non-required options.
  # config.vm.synced_folder "../data", "/vagrant_data"
  config.vm.synced_folder "D:/workspaces/lamp", "/var/www/html"
  # Provider-specific configuration so you can fine-tune various
  # backing providers for Vagrant. These expose provider-specific options.
  # Example for VirtualBox:
  #
  config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb|
  #   # Display the VirtualBox GUI when booting the machine
  #   vb.gui = true
  #
  #   # Customize the amount of memory on the VM:
     vb.memory = "2049"
  end
  #
  # View the documentation for the provider you are using for more
  # information on available options.

  # Enable provisioning with a shell script. Additional provisioners such as
  # Puppet, Chef, Ansible, Salt, and Docker are also available. Please see the
  # documentation for more information about their specific syntax and use.
  # config.vm.provision "shell", inline: <<-SHELL
  #   apt-get update
  #   apt-get install -y apache2
  # SHELL
end

References